Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

An opportunistic viral infection of the central nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination. Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)

Also Known As:

Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal; JC Polyomavirus Encephalopathy; Encephalopathies, JC Polyomavirus; Encephalopathy, JC Polyomavirus; JC Polyomavirus Encephalitis; Leukoencephalopathies, Progressive Multifocal; Multifocal Leukoencephalopathies, Progressive; Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive; Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathies; Encephalitis, JC Polyomavirus

Infections: 526564
- Virus Diseases: 41777
  - DNA Virus Infections: 139
    - Polyomavirus Infections: 84
      - Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: 1508
  - Central Nervous System Viral Diseases: 43
    - Viral Encephalitis: 471
      - Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: 1508
  - Slow Virus Diseases: 9
    - Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: 1508
- Central Nervous System Infections: 1390
  - Infectious Encephalitis: 55
    - Viral Encephalitis: 471
      - Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: 1508
  - Central Nervous System Viral Diseases: 43
    - Viral Encephalitis: 471
      - Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: 1508
Nervous System Diseases: 14178
- Neuroinflammatory Diseases: 18166
  - Encephalitis: 8461
    - Infectious Encephalitis: 55
      - Viral Encephalitis: 471
        Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: 1508
- Demyelinating Diseases: 9131
  - Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: 1508
- Central Nervous System Diseases: 4213
  - Brain Diseases: 15694
    - Encephalitis: 8461
      - Infectious Encephalitis: 55
        Viral Encephalitis: 471
        Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: 1508
    - Leukoencephalopathies: 1557
      - Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: 1508
  - Central Nervous System Infections: 1390
    - Infectious Encephalitis: 55
      - Viral Encephalitis: 471
        Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: 1508
    - Central Nervous System Viral Diseases: 43
      - Viral Encephalitis: 471
        Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: 1508

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Disease

Drug/Important Bio-Agent (IBA)